新しい言葉 - あたらしいことば -Vocabulary

昨日                                             きのう                                         Yesterday

意外                                             いがい                                         Unexpected

                                                     ところ                                         Place

会い                                             あい                                             Meet

ビックリ                                                                                          Surprise

今晩                                             こんばん                                     Tonight

ゴルフ                                                                                              golf

練習                                             れんしゅう                                 Practice

行きます                                     いきます                                     Go

白い                                             しろい                                         White

                                                     かばん                                         Bag

赤い                                             あかい                                         Red

悪い                                             わるい                                         Bad

助詞 - じょし - partikel

は- “wa”

If は”ha” is a particle so は”ha”  read ”wa“. は- “wa” used for :

·           To show the topic from a sentence.

例「example」

昨日「きのう」は、意外な「いがいな」ところでお会いし「おあいし」てビックリでした

I was surprised to meet you in unexpected places yesterday

In this sentence we can know if昨日 is the topic form this sentence

今晩「こんばん」は、ゴルフの練習し「れんしゅうし」に行きます「いきます」　Tonight, I m practice to play golf

The topic form this sentence　is  今晩.

·           To compare two sentence.

例「example」

白い「しろい」のかばんはいいです　The white bag is nice

赤い「あかい」のかばんは悪い「わるい」です    The red bag is bad

白いのかばんはいいですが、赤いのかばんは悪いです

The white bag is nice but The red bag is bad

~ は ~ です

·           This pattern use for positive sentence.

1.    Particle は “wa”in This pattern indicates that the word before は “wa” is a topic

2.    です ”desu”

-  To show a inference

-  If you use です in a sentence,, it showed that your sentence is polite

~ は ~ じゃありません

·           This is the negative pattern of です ”desu”

·           It is use for daily conversation and for writing you can use ~ は ~ではありません

挨拶 - あいさつ - Greeting

あいさつ is a greeting; a reply. Greetings in Japan are, like anywhere else, considered polite, and preferable to not greeting, but, like most social interactions in Japan, are more ritualized than in the West.

greeting expression in english can be said in several way, such as :

·         Common greeting

おはよう　ございます ===  Good Morning

こんにちは ===  Good Afternoon

こんばんは ===  Good Night

おやすみ ===  Good Night (use for say good bye to someone who want to sleep)

·         Asking how someone is

（お）げんきですか ===  How are you?

For answer this you can use :

はい、、げんきです ===  I’m fine

いいえ、びょうきです/いいえ、げんきでわありません ===  I’m not fine

·         Saying thank you

ありがとうございます ===  Thank you

どうもありがとうございます ===  Thank you very much

どいたしまして ===  U’r Welcome

·         Saying goodbye

またあいましょう ===  See you

じゃまた ===  See later

またあした ===  See you tomorrow

さようなら ===  Goodbye

日常挨拶と表現―にちじょうあいさつとひょうげんー　Greeting and Expression for every day

ありがとうございます=== Thank you

いただきます=== bon appetit

ごちそうさまでした === Use for someone who finished their eat

いってきます=== I’ll be back

いっていらっさい ===  the reply to "ittekimasu", said to the person leaving

いらっさいませ ===  Welcome (it’s use for seller who greeting their buyer)

ただいま ===  I’m back

おかえりなさい ===  Welcome home

おかえり ===  Welcome back

おつかれさまでした === Thanks for working so hard

おじゃします=== Sorry to bother you. (Said when entering someone's home.)

はじめまして === How do you do

おひさしぶりです === Long time no see

すみません === Excuse me

気をつけて　－きをつけて === Take care

どうぞよろしくおねがいします === I ask that you treat me kindly. (This is said often when you meet someone for the first time or when you've asked them to do you some favor.)

おさきにしつれいします ===  I'm sorry for leaving before you. (Said as one leaves the office if leaving before other people.)

A few rule to use katakana

おはようみんなさん、、、、今日はいい天気ですね。。。旅行をしましょ。。。

今日は母の日ですから。。。お母さんを大事にして下さい。。。。。。＾＾

·      Word which has suffix “t” & “d” added “o” in the end

Example :

Note -----ノート

Giant -----ジャイアント

But a few word not use this rule

Example : salad >>>>> サラダ

·      Word which has suffix “s”, ”b”, “f”, “g”, “l”, “m”, “p” & ”s” added “u” in the end

Example :

Bus -----バス

Stop-----ストップ

·      The origin word has suffix “c”, “k”, “s”, ”b”, “f”, “l”, “m”, “p” & ”s” that followed by “e” but the “e” not to read,,, so adding the word with “u” in the end

Example :

Game-----ゲーム

Knife-----ナイフ

Grape-----ゲレープ

Milk-----ミルク

Cheese-----チーズ

Speed-----スピード

Speech-----　スピーチ

·      The long vowel : “-ar”, “-er”, “-ir”, “-ur”, “-or”

Example :

Car-----カー

Girl-----ガール

Lover-----ラバー

Form-----フォーム

Turn-----ターリ

 

·      The long vowel : “-ee-”, “-ea-”, “-ai-”, “-oa-”, “-ou-”, “-au-”, “-oo-“

Example:

Pearl-----パール

Cheese-----チーズ

Tail-----テール

Boat-----ボート

Group-----グループ

Sauce-----ソース

Pool -----プール

 

·      “all”, “-al”, “-ol”

Example :

Call-----ハール

Half-----ハーフ

Old-----オールド

·      “-w”,”-y”

Example:

Date-----デート

Note-----ノート

Name-----ネーム

Tube-----チューブ

·      “-ation”, “-otion”

Example:

Inflation -----インフレーション

Lotion-----ローション

·      “ire”, “-ture”

Example:

Fire-----フャイアー

Culture-----カルチャー